What style of beer is produced via top fermentation?

Top fermentation is the process used to produce ales, which are characterized by the fermentation using top-fermenting yeast strains. These yeast varieties, primarily Saccharomyces cerevisiae, typically rise to the surface during fermentation and operate best at warmer temperatures, usually between 60°F to 75°F (15°C to 24°C). This allows for the development of more complex flavors, including fruity and spicy notes, often associated with many styles of ale.

Other beer types mentioned, such as lagers and pilsners, are produced through bottom fermentation, which relies on different yeast strains (primarily Saccharomyces pastorianus) and is typically conducted at cooler temperatures. Stouts are a specific style of ale, meaning they also utilize top fermentation. However, in the context of this question, the broad category of ale encompasses stouts and other varieties, making it the correct answer.