In which century did Australia establish itself as a major wine exporter?

Australia established itself as a major wine exporter in the 20th century. This period marked a significant transformation in the Australian wine industry, characterized by advancements in viticulture and winemaking practices. The introduction of modern techniques, improved grape varieties, and a focus on quality contributed to Australia's reputation on the global stage.

The 1960s and 1970s in particular saw a surge in the export of Australian wines, fueled by the international success of varietals such as Shiraz and Chardonnay. The establishment of the Australia Wine and Brandy Corporation in 1981 played a key role in promoting Australian wines internationally, helping to position the country's products in markets worldwide.

In contrast, while there were some early wine productions in Australia in the 19th century and earlier, it was not until the 20th century that the country became a prominent player in the global wine market. The 21st century continues to see Australia excel in wine quality and marketing, but its foundational growth as a major exporter occurred in the previous century. Likewise, the 18th century predates substantial commercial winemaking success in Australia, as the industry was still in its infancy during that time.